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Athens

Athens is the historical capital of Europe, dating from the first settlement in the Neolithic age. The Acropolis hill is the most significant reference point of ancient Greek culture, as well as the symbol of the city of Athens. A Large part of the town is historical centre. In 1834, it became the capital of the Modern Greek state and in two centuries since it has become an attractive modern metropolis with unrivalled charm.

 

Acropolis
The greatest and finest sanctuary of ancient Athens, dedicated primarily to its patron, the goddess Athena, dominates the centre of the modern city from the rocky crag known as the Acropolis. The most celebrated myths of ancient Athens, its greatest religious festivals, earliest cults and several decisive events in the city's history are all connected to this sacred precinct. The monuments of the Acropolis stand in harmony with their natural setting. These unique masterpieces of ancient architecture combine different orders and styles of Classical art in a most innovative manner and have influenced art and culture for many centuries.

 

Ancient Agora
This was the center of public life for the ancient Athenians. The word "agora" derives from the verb "ageiro" meaning "bring together" or "gather around" and, by extension, "agorevo", to speak publicly. The word's etymology is relevant to the multifaceted role of the ancient Agora, where the ancient Athenians played out their daily lives. The Agora was the center of administration, of the legal process, and indeed the focal point of commercial and business life.

 

Delphi
At the foot of Mount Parnassos, within the angle formed by the twin rocks of the Phaedriades, lies the Pan-Hellenic sanctuary of Delphi, which had the most famous oracle of ancient Greece. Delphi was regarded as the centre of the world. According to mythology, it is here that the two eagles sent out by Zeus from the ends of the universe to find the navel of the world met.

 

Olympia
In western Peloponnese, in the beautiful valley of the Alpheios river, lies the most celebrated sanctuary of ancient Greece. Dedicated to Zeus, the father of the gods, it sprawls over the southwest foot of Mount Kronios, at the confluence of the Alpheios and the Kladeos rivers, in a lush, green landscape. Although secluded near the west coast of the Peloponnese, Olympia became the most important religious and athletic centre in Greece.

 

Hill of the Nymphs – Pnyx
This is a 105 m hill that looks like an extension of the Hill of the Muses. From the end of the 6th century BC, it gradually came to be the official location for the meetings of the Athenian popular assembly. From early antiquity on, this was a site sacred to the Nymphs.

 

 

Herodeion
Going up the pedestrian Dionysiou Areopagitou Street and on and past the theatre of Dionysus and other important monuments, one comes to the Odeon of Herodes Atticus, also known as the Herodeion. It was Built in about AD 160. Today the Odeon functions as a theatre and in the summer months it hosts concerts and performances of ancient drama, lyric theatre and dance as part of the Athens Festival.

 

 

National Garden
The National Gardens or Vassilikos Kipos (Royal Gardens in Greek as it was formerly known) is a peaceful, green refuge of 15.5 hectares in the center of the Greek capital.

 

 

Observatory
At Thisseion, on the hill of the Nymphs, a neoclassical building of the 19th century houses the first Observatory that was founded in Greece and in the Balkans.

 

 

Panathenaic Stadium
The Panathenaic Stadium or Kallimarmarowas built in 329 BC by the orator and administrator Lycurgus for the athletic competitions of Panathenaia (the major Athenian festival in honor of the patron goddess Athena). In the mid 2nd century AD, the whole stadium was laid out in marble by Herodes Atticus


.Get to know more than 5.000 years of civilization
Museums in Athens boost important exhibits, taking you to a journey into more than 5.000 years of human civilization. Beginning with the Cycladic era, you can move on to the Minoan times, explore the Classic era, the Roman times, the Byzantine era, the era of Ottoman empire, then pass in the era of Enlightenment, to conclude in the 19th and 20th centuries

Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki was the second most important city of the Byzantine Empire, next to Constantinople, and is full of beautiful examples of Byzantine art and architecture. Thessaloniki was first established in 316 B.C. by Kassandros and named after his wife, Thessaloniki, half sister of Alexander the Great. It means Victory in Thessaly. It is here that the Apostle Paul first brought the message of Christianity (50 A.D.) and that Demetrius, a Roman officer died in martyrdom (303 A.D.), thus becoming the holy patron of the city. Today, it is the second largest city of Greece and the most important centre of the area. Built near the sea (at the back of the Thermaïkos Gulf), it is a modern metropolis bearing the marks of its stormy history and its cosmopolitan character, which give it a special beauty and charm.

Archaeological Sites

The Palace of Galerius: (300 A.D.) at Navarino Square.
Roman Market and Theatre: Ruins standing at the Law Court Square (Dikastiria).
Roman Baths: North of the church of Agios Dimitrios.
Nymphaion: An elegant monopteral, circular building.
Vergina: the ancient site of Aigai and the first capital of Macedonia has extensive ruins including the tomb of Phillip and the summer palace of King Antigonas Gonatas. Open from Tuesday to Sunday from 8:30 to 3:30 but stays open until 7 in the summer.

Monuments and Churches


Rotunda, Thessaloniki is a domed building of early 4th century A.D., served as a Pantheum or as a Mausoleum for Emperor Galerius, and now the church of Saint George. It was a mosque during the Turkish occupation and the minaret still stands.
The City Walls were erected during the time of Theodossios the Great to guard the city from Democracy Square of nowadays across Eptapyrgio up to the site later occupied by the White Tower, a work of the architect Sinan (first half of 16th century).
Agios Dimitrios , was completely rebuilt in 1948 according the original plans. The church has been destroyed twice before by fire.
The Crypt , the most easterly section of the Bath, is the place where St Demetrios was imprisoned, tortured and buried.
Agia Sofia (8th century) marks the transition from the domed basilica to the domed crusiform church is a copy of the original Agia Sophia in Constantinople..
Panagia Halkeon , a cruciform church, was built in 1028 A.D. according an inscription of that era.
Agia Ekaterini (13th century) is very well preserved externally, with traces of frescoes inside.
Agfi Apostoli (14th century) retains a rich decoration both externally and in the interior, dating at the time of the Byzantine Pateologos imperial dynasty.
Agios Nikolaos Orfanos (14th century), 20 Irodotou Str. tel. 213.627 richly decorated with frescoes in the 17th century it became the chapel of Vlatadon Monastery.
Profitis Ilias was built in 1360 upon the ruins of a Byzantine palace by the monk Makarios Houmnos.
The post-Byzantine era has also left in Thessaloniki an important number of churches.

Ottoman monuments

The White Tower built in 15th century, the hallmark of the city.
The Mosques of the Hamza Bey Cami built in 15th century;
The Aladja Imaret Cami (1484) and the Yeni Cami (1902).
Hamams (Turkish bathhouses): The Pazar Hamam (15th century), the Pasha Hamam (15th century), Bey Hamam (16th century), Yeni Hamam and the Yahudi Hamam.

Greece

Greece flag

The information on this site was gathered through our journalists and various source(s) of information including the national tourism organization,
the ministry of finance, the ministry of foreign affairs, CIA World Factbook, and US State Department.